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"how does functions work"
In Lua, functions are blocks of code that can be defined and called by a name. Functions can take input values (called parameters) and return output values (called return values). Functions are useful for organizing and reusing code, as well as for breaking down complex tasks into smaller, more manageable pieces. Here's a basic example of how functions work in Lua: ```lua -- Defining a function called 'add' function add(a, b) local sum = a + b return sum end -- Calling the function with the values 3 and 5 local result = add(3, 5) -- Printing the result (which is 8) print(result) ``` In this example, we define a function called `add` that takes two parameters, `a` and `b`. The function calculates the sum of these two values and returns the result. We then call the function with the values 3 and 5, and store the result in a variable called `result`. Finally, we print the result to the console. Functions can also be defined as local functions or assigned to variables: ```lua -- Defining a local function local function multiply(a, b) return a * b end -- Assigning a function to a variable local divide = function(a, b) return a / b end -- Calling the functions local product = multiply(4, 6) local quotient = divide(12, 3) -- Printing the results print(product) -- 24 print(quotient) -- 4 ``` In this example, we define two more functions: `multiply` and `divide`. We show two different ways of defining functions: using the `local` keyword and assigning a function to a variable. Both methods work similarly, and the functions can be called just like the `add` function in the previous example.